Law for Suit for Dissolution of Marriage in Pakistan:
Principles of res judicata
restraining wife from approaching the Family Court for suit for dissolution of
marriage in Pakistan on the ground of Khula does not apply. Contention of
husband was that on the basis of such condition, the wife could not seek
dissolution of marriage in Pakistan on basis of Khula. Condition in marriage
certificate, for the Family Court dissolution of the marriage in Pakistan and
that earlier suit for dissolution of marriage was withdrawn; therefore,
principles of res judicata were applicable in the suit. Family Court had
rightly found the condition in marriage certificate restraining the wife from
approaching Court for divorce on the ground of Khula' was not legal condition which
could not prevent the wife from seeking dissolution of marriage in Pakistan on
the ground of Khula from the competent Court. Family Court also rightly found
that in view of evidence on record it was not possible between the parties to
live together within the limits of Allah.
Dissolution of Marriage in Pakistan on the base of Khula:
Findings of the Family Court were
affirmed of by the High Court. No misreading or non-reading of by evidence was
pointed out by the husband. Subsequent suit for dissolution
of marriage in Pakistan on the ground of Khula' was not barred ass in such
cases recurring cause of action could accrue to the party. All the Courts below
had given Concurrent finding with regard to the right of wife for seeking
dissolution of marriage on the ground of Khula'. Leave to appeal was refused.
Suit for dissolution of marriage on basis of Khula filed through
attorney/mother. Appearance of plaintiff in pre-trial conciliation proceedings
through her attorney was valid. Suit decreed by Family Court on failure of
conciliation efforts upheld by Appellate Court. Party could not be deprived of
his right to appear and defend suit through his/her attorney as such representation
was permitted and Bar recognized by S. 22 of Legal Practitioners and Bar
Councils Act, 1973 and S. 18 of West Pakistan Family Courts Act, 1964.
Legal Act for Dissolution of Marriage in Pakistan in West Pakistan:
Right of a pardanashin lady under
Section 18 of West Pakistan Family Courts Act, 1964 to appear through a duly
authorized agent applicable to a person in general would apply to a party to
suit also. Presence of parties in person in pre-trial conciliation proceedings
was not obligatory, thus, their non-presence in person would not vitiate
proceedings. Defendant, in the present case himself had not participated in
such proceedings, thus, he could not object to appearance of plaintiff through
her attorney. High Court dismissed Constitutional petition. According to S. 83,
C.P.C., even an alien, if not falling within definition of an alien enemy,
could sue in Pakistan, Residence of one party or accrual of cause of action
wholly or in part within local limits of a Family Court in Pakistan would give
the Court jurisdiction to entertain such suit.
More about Some Important Laws:
Failure of pre-trial conciliation
efforts failed and permanent resident of State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir could
result in judicial divorce. Husband's application seeking dismissal of suit by
Family Court in Pakistan for lacking jurisdiction to try, same as parties were
citizens of State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Dismissal of such application and
passing of decree for dissolution of marriage in Pakistan by Family Court for failure
of pre- trial conciliation efforts was valid. According to S. 14(b) of Pakistan
Citizenship Act, 1951, a permanent resident of State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir
having migrated to Pakistan would be regarded as citizen of Pakistan. Subjects
of the State holding Pakistani passports would be deemed to be citizens of
Pakistan. Section 83 CPC provided that an alien, if not falling within
definition of an "alien" enemy, could sue in Pakistan in case of
divorce.
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